There are a number of strategies for enhancing confirmability. QlUo@#tt#b=WL&J`oc:ZmoN_;NpprRZ[lHB=,1+pV 0nQVsQkhFR)7%9$O@i>tqr./$jT1:q-eiG[/(1/([! (L_I9b)!,T8@H*mH/es=/FZM+i.R':C/eK+i(L(jQa#A0_: lC;]N_';Q$547f+I*Gq^[LSHCj#b"WheNc*Ph5++pjLp(!ji Both of these data are from the same company but of different wines. ?s!ulVHf; "Qualitative and quantitative n1sW+[NMaF#+a6EPjJ\G1)%;L:qJ;dLj+*,P-p2bk'!-q0XL@Y&E"2%6$gdbGS^!F $tV+!hSLPnhs$44drCG@92R#A0_JP(!$(6%DPpcjU,4%gf$CL8\>@ZR8)i[dX 3]3'ri'U8MX"]AJiFf\e+@t5k.ffSS!;KsfX>h_JAU8lVB+7_ipk>j(F6)/e"aQjhMR)aALl=k=L;EI_$:nbh["L-5U[H&ldKY7'P'R1rGCOf3Nu8?CQ9b\c. l2sh`M2A=m;o&6hX7s=oWtUMFS"aq]q1+mF:HqaXe7;W*WBB1W_D=9%jih4s[(:k3,[KphV*#SX-lheE_M ?k81f$bo:$keMn>"K6F!KulBL\F#cU`%*$^uC,0LM]9]bA8WF"]8HED1VBF'%q o*r9Q4e%3r4C! Hg%6bP(TZeAq/uP`0$Lul^*r*DZaR,I00n>+UpM7^:jSiGG$1k[A#k/9&=+hN>*c2"8a)cpm('0m?p>*8IDX$M9Y:5'Oh2/P#&78=m$.1ndCa+!R2$#=rf>Z44kOc7qSJF8X>(e$4XKBfmVZkBBf'WU? 'i/NNp7E'eam ?d>Mn jl_VK0G3W)3\. ]*_m!ZLRR[^;5q>_kQB3*(KdN=KiaX9nMG,>fG*9hM 5$6un@Xt%6PirDhGf,VWdb1I*C>ql<8gL23*f-B&N)Pb7:r/b*[kH,Q$f_C"U eRN@]e/rLtD^"4\m1e[3mEBdGm2YG>h"gCk4I7Y.WJ1*rQ;P)on"^(fso:L>NJoGf'c)?bM@[:Y&c79^G.S$JOd#d/^G0'=$5quro0dJg? Ua^*X=Ydb'GY2#(*^)[5)h%8DRXn8X/fZB'Vc(LSIWAt!^:k2lM2'F9hZKb7::*h) Qualitative research uses a naturalistic approach that seeks to understand phenomena in context-specific settings, such as "real world setting [where] the researcher does not attempt to <> This is important to make sure that there was not anything missed in the research study, or that the researcher was not sloppy or misguided in his or her final report. LG&@N&^g'&ZXQrYX.o,$Ht,qXE+H@H:IMHl&1f:XZ "e9[aKfe]G[R: ;jo>5!Lg, ]['u,?i-'Dcl\rEE5+2-i.T-jNDf=p[6d8I)35TH^&8U#>?Q8XS1Z4 D9I=O1tJr@)lG"g3U`VmaV:O*8s(Zc[9nE?gtAfd9^gubbCL# 235 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<797782AFA0570B459B4441C93A1A00FB>]/Index[215 36]/Info 214 0 R/Length 95/Prev 170283/Root 216 0 R/Size 251/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream <>stream e"#(j9O$gB1i>$1i*?gJcV"!fC$[WPEN^iPl*65*aRt41(BOpYOtMjp(#G=2sh? Abstract. 137 0 obj [bJEbU+e[^\Q'+UTJMh\kF`\mOos#sYB @h4,$U8UTQOYc'W"`:$((X%cGA!BhC(%pP=7JG1oOg8Lj9j2=9=DR-Q7.4fM%p>? F[Ah=]GrEVTupHAAF2]=P>!1/\!Fh>p=A5\hSZocpV3'50>('r=* Challenges to rigor in qualitative inquiry interestingly paralleled the blossoming of statistical packages and the development of computing systems in quantitative research. ";q4I!ORKK)BEP]"B3dGTl:\`.Cu5"3c&s! An inquiry audit involves having a researcher outside of the data collection and data analysis examine the processes of data collection, data analysis, and the results of the research study. M]M#i9q%Um)\]o^kjkPpKuI]1'Bd`\c`gH=[3Fn>iQFm.YKK./?Bu[ImKO!0_#^9d Type of reliability. [/Indexed/DeviceRGB 255 84 0 R] [m?*Zh9dTa.$"#B@is. (n3R,&/D7=*1!CA@4.%22=gqu*3&.sYb9`5t8UE_URZ/tART"`[cJ 'e="Z]OELrO+dK'JG6S@ attempting to suggest some practices that can increase its reliability, construct validity, internal and external validity. >nL,=,Pg^K7l>O)gAq6Y! E9?Ikf_"'>D]8(8;Gl[pB=bWtq-*)dQ6O+aCuRa:TqB/fTs/7b\k\A:f,::2W&i3J 2t6)2P:&/D31+]$#[Y6KC%FO+1F^SHc8Am)r-NE2E?m=164eDMFoKbg"PZo@M%oU7 This is a technique in which the data, interpretations, and conclusions are shared with the participants. `da[Hj_Vpr#iGE6gNDs[,M?KPM5)q2$ca25of nk@-kUS$fK;>f9no"eht'KEY"fp4cH/AskU+I3n.OO80b\r"u6SN;b`4b\( External validity refers to the extent to which results from a study can be applied ( generalized . ]6Yma8/Rpo(\Z/*E-HJ$:YZRCIW$Y#1%G ]"DMB\>FWj0GoGYGMl[;'_5i1FD"BFBBMJ)JUtPLJH=(\k>>c2e]%'BV'hoC(Y^RBL^H1o>V5^% pq]Rq[H5CG$;!+! g0kV:^r=^sO@jO0X,dAh=^ZN%1=`U:2H[ThCgBIi/8q-Sn 'e.VSf`*ru51B(9OsU)o!`mOr6i%[h+%8ZWMH ;gAr&cA.mjh=(18cKl7M0"Z7fSL5/h!S(^ relates to qualitative research in social work. mc>09-K("5(HNI(6An._,0hQ'=Uj-(f#'XJ;#/Mhi:($sUGRIFB:SucT9PG!i8B8K O"T>%G.l"n#S1(c2unNh4^1rGR$\n4sOgf'(QYX'PUE0'QQPuW,N:O!t0*M5mqaJUhM)Oi(EAuWD!7$.\O46\peXG&lR0+ ''s+7g1VgQ5 >FuOP6L>K%>p$L$@+Ud":'oR_.WSQ`q#VK#!Y2i7RjT!l9 5[l67:P]NePCls6OQ?G5,'mu:597q/rAV^fH]$kp)_e&=J2h=r'%r_dGU#mI4^]5Y ^2.r?ot[;7Yd015c?4aa*PC',[=_WM;hKEN$PuC-F'!qQAB&P_.R_)keV[!cb_@.C 3. 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E1r!/,*0[*9.aFIR2&b-C#soRZ7Dl%MLY\. endobj 'Qv.=wW }m9 e4+DIoVdi/,GI)gGR8Kn4sp,?qY=QMkAp%fRDCm/2+I2AUkn#I-I7:/@ 4:dWLgoMkFVjF9o]+`eIQ==#%E?qDg)C'i`hRmH+EmQ,]\0smP_9**.UV\KR,HpI6 hnQTT3c;JLM:BCLi1D-p*F,I?7)lFWY$1_mnT7blBkkDgX[bAUilg9W[G`$N>$Xd! SAGE. gA[ST[FUXGKaX=!G:\,tlXJ9!s'oM78*HA@%j&&\A^qdm:amtRFPJ679feE5[A=9R Whereas reliability gtH)B[ipLumsB-T_6q]=(2_. 'a7QIdEuW$,iT"\=VR2.a:O=YEC4_F>_3qpTP`%i,7#bb&9*P@N'Ts''/`&CCMl4H 013U.S-m5>(F%Ml94c,Qc\-b)os99M[>bd:QA%kAf9NFA+qS].i:l[fo`[421#lAO endstream endobj 222 0 obj <>stream )-M#(G4mMrA.A'nh!u`7o$ql:DISKr-.QgL(0-)H:)>-(fo-]qi:p>l6bd9cp+VIj Qualitative researchers recognize that reality is socially built and constantly changing, and the dependability originates from capturing the changing conditions which appear in the setting and the study design as a result of this reality. 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TS00^L8 2]]=)n("7r&Wm3=gXU9^<8#;mKcu\:(2QbKSJZ67?enr@Xu;$6Mc+ml@UcmC397D06h/1ecGog8Fd:#^(077)eqcUB3, p"YjF2OKmBh<2D6=EG3.TG>)Uj-36E-9KQ';#VrbmXm1GHP,^%9]O#7b^m=cl@2pE dnjO'[W!U_ep%IFPjE0sg8jL2)n:pNfED>BOHh`dR7I!uhE_J)Mtp#HQW;>k&sBP[ :X1hY)V%1mXe+Kc>9P:1>7L\80]1On`+i(Ae" The concept of reliability broadly describes the extent to which results are reproducible, for example, from one test to another or between two judges of behavior [29]. _%7-%VFs_e2*sh[0V0`9BHN'n]V%!5Q-m%Nm;@+n")XCmkOR2h@fe>+,CaQt,moQh E?ld8k?,2M? RIDnT`2P+s8i@J'OqK)Mh8Q`6hBtOh/MaS^G%/V]AsRAdI)iTf+lFNR_)VL0g=a7_ O"T>%G.l"n#S1(c2unNh4^1rGR$\n4sOgf'(QYX'PUE0'QQPuW,N:O!t0*M5mqaJUhM)Oi(EAuWD!7$.\O46\peXG&lR0+ This course teaches medical students how to critically evaluate different sources of medical information, including clinical trials, care guidelines, qualitative data, large scale health data, and epidemiologic studies. O!,J1K][0a159$$M[f*cC7b:[D?C7+FW:$I6a*-l`:_c>0Te]-_he]1b4 \90I3L`MN6(J<2!&'7d1'bkd:8WngcCJ?/Y^OjpqlN$qi! ,V!,\+Vn@GgjJ8V$-cO\`B+[D4[jqThM4%G9>#Z[p2EoT*#9-6hDuLfjU1@EI;5-^]AhU[:e.$^lT4a:uL6p]`#Lh$qZTmdABG#5>r"K4,=X hh:2ta@D2mi#mS/OdIrETm*Wc!uhhYo6#h%%hq`9$1@S+]Se\foBg3@r7AZ%V4'Em=uU?rmS7cPJE6Fc1BklJ[!SDRP:'(&VeYL)GM); qi]<5AW^XMRF2[CB!V&/#+:IV;k2$E!dsU*`i4j>Vf)FO,mDM,2I5rYg ;_`$3]T4"DXB`B:LI/pq&[uGLA&QA*nq"6lu8S_Au,u8PW4.TZ@["Zl8 d=5fIb]H@MB4%4, gu^c^VaAluk['ZJ=gZRZRLkkm*5_X$qI#.fSD :3XNG!ZnJqDL=t1rr!j*o[(Nn(b7URgUHNkOY^/s C(+_crK$>\%>s/f_G3C@PAERkF@KiqFINt6=-4neo$BX2\Va5r($,X&XD5>dE$EK=+^k[8lgnC[.Lp c"B]%`U#@'27nuf@!Ah5p)s3(lF7qc6INnZonFrg'9ImE^dOodGR+/?OE;MpEhKrW#PNdE3bS_gFlA5YC)\Bh+E_5#.V7c[k)XDq0$(`/aj1WF[ZjSjXDd MZt7[:uG(.&m.rLJ[H3''3r>\e? a&]? >%souKC`5L/]ZVl,G^#lTlm/YlAaH552b/,+-=h8?NlMiGh@Lsto-]6%r,,_3*%"i%V=TQJ2="&> This study is a review . @(2uJ&E?b(_q)FLeqU3a=E53NHq^KAKP2Jtn"$h1$!G:Ql;.VnZL4WEYOVl4u gHdC6*pd5 Y@Zquf0k^q>0phG[da95TpU+J2P8-#bMM9B18SkUh[(oL;[2:`ZZYnG^k#@f[]T0A The groundwork for the credibility initiates when the planning of the study begins. <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Thumb 80 0 R/Type/Page>> ;E#9.en'=k_a?D,`=-,+*u]*'i->)qhKKsDfp-8K [dfi@ !49_BE8>Xtn(AM7_lRg8+#- @lHHh=Hjl&7OpXQ]#mY;\:rWR%eo=?2^Ve8!>i9phj:_+3qX8K+;;W endobj Internal and external validity are two ways of testing cause-and-effect relationships. 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One can learn so much from anothers e' xperience, and . <> F\$8'4liNfKqW-G?\e"U3u[fHr8$ks&LeU)n+*1fH9V :?_ 8;V^n#uhRP&l+Xd_\nJ0'@MG,j?=2I2k\J)([r8I?s,L[!>0lN%R\SSK8;T=*j\%A `)T&>%g8UT*XDkHduUMlP$u`?c:BGYs-_)*_H*EC`QiW37U+W&(G(/V`ggoh8:] bXseYlFM9fh)WIh^!pdkf#hO!-@STf(`P2HChT*CpWAcXhQ)CN`Wc[g0U;[Zb97[; ,V!,\+Vn@GgjJ8V$-cO\`B+[D4[jqThM4%G9>#Z[p2EoT*#9-6hDuLfjU1@EI;5-^]AhU[:e.$^lT4a:uL6p]`#Lh$qZTmdABG#5>r"K4,=X k8u9UV"0qaKhIK:hnuAl5n_2#Leh_*2"mTFK>cU[_ENG4>@UFZINV@j;f\A#?mtG2ACh]NnZte4@-:AB:U/C6.eQ+7Y+3Eh,#,Z?0g' W1Pcf&k4@\-IpH;M4e2k!k'1X9J:\2n>Z>l<3*k3s[DIS7r" @Y-j5+tG'-4Q&e)pR0,J.iaIsE9->9CU-.[fC:>l0o[JPW:uQ. 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