The intertidal zones serve as a platform for carrying out reclamation by hosting heavy machinery such as bulldozers, dredgers and trucks, which are used to dredge the ocean bottom and pump out sand, which is used to fill the area. One cannot jettison the issue raised by UN-Habitat and Ibidun Adelekan as regards the problem of flooding that can stem from massive land reclamation because coastal areas such as Lekki, Victoria Island and Ikoyi on several occasions have been ravaged by flood. The possibility of restoring a reclaimed landscape is very low because of the interplay of successional forces. Land reclamation is gradually posing negative impact on man due to unplanned urbanization. Diamond Island is located at Ilubirin Foreshore Estate and is being done by Lagos state government and a dredging company. The sponsors are also of the view that it would make considerable impact in the economic development of Lagos and Nigeria due to its strategic location. Local sand mining is done manually by the digging of sand from the bottom of the river during low tide and conveyed ashore in hand dug canoes. Our fishing nets and traps have been damaged by the mud. Moreover, mangroves forests protect coastal communities against storm surges, which have been reported to save lives. This could lead to permanent loss of mangroves or other plant species of economic/medicinal importance and habitat for marine organisms and wildlife and their emigration to unaffected areas, thereby upsetting the ecological balance. Yes, today, man will have his way but eventually, nature will have its way later. The sand filled area became the dumping ground for sand, where trucks evacuated the sand to buyers. Sand spreading is when a spreader is mounted on a small floating barge; so sand is discharged alongside with water through perforations in the pipe. Changes in land form lead to changes in the biogeography of the area. Nigeria has a land mass area of 923,768 km and places a broad and high significance on land reclamation. In a preliminary study conducted in the sand dredged area, soil samples were collected for physico-chemical analysis at three sites (T1, T2 and T3) from the back of the sand filled area to the entrance of the sand fill area (Figure 8). Lending his voice on the matter, an environmentalist, Osawe Irabors view differs from those of Nwilo, Faniran and Afegbua. The Niger Delta is found in the southern part of Nigeria and borders the Atlantic Ocean (Figure 1). Centralization: these are lands that are regarded as focal points as a result of their economic value. At about 345 people per square mile, it is also the most densely populated country in Africa. The swampy environment is a mixture of mud and water, after a long period of perturbation the swampy soil gets solidified and changes to a terrestrial environment. Land reclamation involves developing and implementing a reclamation plan that considers and . Public Law 95-87 requires that the AML section reclaim . Backing the argument of Nwilo, a former Professor of Geography at the University of Ibadan, Adetoye Faniran, viewed the matter in a way that seems supernatural. roads, buildings, industries and parks. The method is a natural recovery and a passive method of accomplishing restoration. You have entered an incorrect email address! The uppermost layer or photic zone is 10m of water and absorbs 80% of solar energy, which carries out primary productivity. The conversion of a coastal environment to a terrestrial environment is absolute and cannot be reversed. This system is usually used when the sea bed is shallow. It is the returning of lands to an improved state. It is also designed in such a way that it will accommodate massive commercial and residential purposes. This is because of land expansion activities such as urban development. Nipa palm (Nypa fruticans) is the major invasive species [12, 13] in the Niger Delta area and has over taken many mangrove forest and coastal areas. Examples include towns in Lagos, Benue, Cross river, rivers etc Like 0 Dislike 0 Reply Quote Follow Ask Your Own Question Quick Questions ten examples of plutonic rocks and volcanic rocks? Landscape reclamation is used to remediate polluted and devastated area in many parts of the world such as abandoned coal mine, crude oil exploration site and abandoned aquaculture. Residents and activists say neighbouring developments on reclaimed land also threaten the area's environment. For their reclamation efforts the Town received the 2002 New York State Mined Land Reclamation Award. The project descriptions include shoreline protection and reclamation activities of over 1, 000 hectare of land and construction of a mixed-use development in the city. Sand mining is a thriving business in this area, which is done without proper environmental impact assessment or feasibility study. In 2013, rainfed agriculture accounted for 380,000 sq km in Nigeria, covering over 40 percent of its national territory . Ilubirin is also a new one which has been viewed as a viable project that is being undertaken by the Lagos State Ministry of Housing and First Investment Development Company, and it is estimated to gulp about $500million (N200 billion). According to him, artificial land reclamation activities have been an age-long war between man and nature, noting that Lagos state government needs to get things right and be careful as the exercise could lead to disastrous consequence. Land reclamation has been a common practice to produce valuable land in coastal areas . I am saying this because I know several businessmen and a diplomat from Nigeria who were scammed. According to him, the ideal way is for the Ministries of Waterfront Infrastructure Development and Physical Planning and Urban Development to lead a Lagos Lagoon Management Plan, a 30-year master plan that will detail the usage, preservation and envision what Lagos Lagoon will look like in the next three decades. Landscape reclamation is intended for urban city expansion, road construction, housing project, crude oil exploration and sand mining. *Address all correspondence to: aroloyen@yahoo.com. Port-Harcourt, Warri and Lagos are at the sea level. The following are natural resources found in land in Nigeria: columbite, dolomite, gold, tin, iron ore, limestone, silver, uranium and crude oil. Reclamation is done without proper environmental impact assessment. Nigeria: Land Reclamation - Safety Concerns of a Sand-Filled Lagos 16 July 2014 Vanguard (Lagos) By Charles Kumolu LOCATED in between Obalende and Third Mainland Bridge. We are a community of more than 103,000 authors and editors from 3,291 institutions spanning 160 countries, including Nobel Prize winners and some of the worlds most-cited researchers. Growth may also be facilitated by the absorption of soil nutrients embedded in the first layer of soil brought in by tides. Introductory Chapter: Landscape Reclamation as a K Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria. There is nowhere along this zone that is more than 200 meters. 2020 The Author(s). Developmental activities are carried out in them through collaboration between Lagos state government and private developers. Similarly, reckless and indiscriminate hunting in opened forest reduces population and thus reduces species diversity, which may lead to extinction of some species. "Land reclamation kills mangroves, seagrass and corals. During clearing heavy machinery fell trees. Land reclamation is a common problem in the cities. . It is crucial to the environment's welfare both now and in the future. Shrimp farming in particular has resulted to the conversion of large areas of mangroves. Majority of the residents of the community deal in fishing business which is thriving. During canalization, earth moving dredgers are deployed to excavate the benthic soil. Coastal area is in serious danger from land reclamation in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Not surprisingly, the country that is home to the largest population of the region also has by far the largest area under cultivation. Largest cities in Nigeria in 2022 (in 1,000 individuals) Number of inhabitants in thousands Lagos Kano Ibadan Port Harcourt Benin City Kaduna Abuja Maiduguri Zaria Aba Jos Ilorin Oyo Enugu. Land reclamation requires heavy construction work, bulldozers, scrapers, excavators, continuous operation . Before coastal lands are to be acquired proper environmental impact assessment (EIA) studies need to be conducted to develop proper management plan aimed at forestalling loss and extinction of common and rare species. Ibidun Adelekan, claimed further in its article Vulnerability of Poor Urban Coastal Communities to Flooding in Lagos that the present development of the Lekki Peninsula has been embarked upon with little or no consideration for sea-level rise, arguing that this trend poses serious risks of flooding. Mangrove vegetation is the dominant species found at the interface between the land and the sea. London, SW7 2QJ, Several laws have been enforced to restrict construction in certain important zones and simultaneously laws have been levied to reclaim land from these zones. It is noteworthy that Songo International Business District also in South Korea which is reputed to be the largest private development in the country is built on a reclaimed land in the area of Incheon waterfront. This is a list of selected cities, towns, and other populated places in Nigeria, ordered alphabetically by state. The problem is that mangroves provide numerous ecosystem services to the local people while the palms provide no ecosystem service to the people. Former mangrove forest that was converted to sand fill in Buguma, Niger Delta, Nigeria. The white patches sum up to give a total of 4.2 million m2 of mangroves removed in 1984. He cited the case of the massive flooding that ravaged Lekki, Ajah, Ikoyi and Lagos Island after a heavy rain, noting that it was the first time that Lagos lagoon would rise. The restoration of tidal force, edaphic factors and climatic effect will encourage natural recruitment of seedlings. The reclamation land which is in two phases is located on a reclaimed land of over 100 hectares. 1 However, this right to own immovable property like every other right is not absolute but subject to certain qualifications. The environmental problem of this practice is that the sand dumped by the shore smothers plants and animals around the area and changes the coast from a marshy to a sandy area. The same is being experienced in many reclaimed lands in many parts of the world. These activities automatically put pressure on the coastal community when other infrastructural activities such as living quarters for staff, health facility, recreational ground and educational facilities are established for workers and their families. The solidified area is used as a platform for construction activities. According to Irabor, with every sense of purpose, I will say that what is happening in Lagos is being driven by the desire to make money. A field observation made indicates that seeds at the end of the sand filled area had better growth than seeds at the mouth of the entrance of the balkanized sand. This method is suitable for granular fill. The average temperature in Nigeria is 28 degrees Celsius or 82.4 degrees Fahrenheit. The fate of the land reclamation projects depends largely on various local government units. It is the responsibility of the Government to protect the land against illegal landscape reclamations. Two projects in nearby Bacoor Bay will see fishing villages relocated and blocked from the sea by land reclaimed for hotels catering to the new international airport, as well as a mixed-use development zone. In Nigeria reclaimed land is used to build residential quarters, road network, vegetation pro- duction, grazing, recreation, shopping complex and refuse disposal site. 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